Since each submission is manually reviewed by a small team of CRAN maintainers, many of whom, according to R core developer Peter Dalgaard, are "approaching pensionable age", there is a concern that this system is not sustainable in the long term. The number of CRAN packages has grown exponentially for many years, and as of 2018 an average of 21 submissions of new or updated packages were made every day. Another way to browse CRAN packages is provided by Metacran, which also maintains lists of featured, most downloaded, trending or most depended upon packages. The "Task Views" page (subject list) on the CRAN website lists a wide range of tasks (in fields such as finance, genetics, high performance computing, machine learning, medical imaging, meta-analysis, social sciences and spatial statistics) for which R packages are available. The master site is located at the Vienna University of Economics and Business and is mirrored on servers around the world. As of 2021, it is still maintained by Hornik and a team of volunteers. CRAN was created by Kurt Hornik and Friedrich Leisch in 1997, with the name paralleling other early packing systems such as TeX's CTAN (released 1992) and Perl's CPAN (released 1995). As of November 2020, more than 16,000 packages are available. It includes both source packages and pre- compiled binaries for Windows and macOS. It contains an archive of the latest and previous versions of the R distribution, documentation, and contributed R packages. The Comprehensive R Archive Network (CRAN) is R's central software repository, supported by the R Foundation. Repositories Comprehensive R Archive Network (CRAN) According to John Chambers, whilst these requirements "impose considerable demands" on package developers, they improve the usability and long-term stability of packages for end users. Packages distributed on CRAN must meet additional standards. The Writing R Extensions manual specifies a standard directory structure for R source code, data, documentation, and package metadata, which enables them to be installed and loaded using R's in-built package management tools. Ĭompared to libraries in other programming language, R packages must conform to a relatively strict specification. The large number of packages available for R, and the ease of installing and using them, has been cited as a major factor driving the widespread adoption of the language in data science. R packages contain code, data, and documentation in a standardised collection format that can be installed by users of R, typically via a centralised software repository such as CRAN (the Comprehensive R Archive Network). R packages are extensions to the R statistical programming language. Extensions to the R statistical programming language List of selected R packages
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